¿Que es el cannabis o marihuana?

 

El Cannabis sativa (nombre científico de la planta de la marihuana) está compuesto por más de 400 sustancias químicas, de las que unas 60 son cannabinoides. Entre ellas se encuentra el delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), que es el principio activo del arbusto y, por lo tanto, el principal causante de sus efectos. Cuando estos componentes entran en el organismo “actúan sobre los receptores CB1 y CB2, que están presentes principalmente en el cerebro e intervienen en muchos procesos, como el cognitivo o el procesamiento de las emociones”, explica Manuel Guzmán, presidente de la Sociedad Española de Investigación sobre Cannabinoides (SEIC). El cannabis es la droga ilegal que más se consume en nuestra sociedad. Su consumo está muy extendido, y mucha gente lo vivo como algo legal y habitual. No hay que olvidar, en cambio, que su consumo puede resultar peligroso para nuestra salud. Por ellos, es importante tener información sobre esta droga.

El cannabis es una planta, de la que se aprovecha sus hojas, flores y tallo. De esa planta se extraen distintas drogas, que se consumen y presentan de diferente manera. Las substancias que se sacan del cannabis son el hachís, la marihuana y aceite.

Hachís: esta substancia está compuesta con la resina prensada de la planta del cannabis. Se presenta en forma de lámina y se fuma mezclado con tabaco.

Marihuana: esta substancia está compuesta con las hojas, flores y tallos secos del cannabis. Se suele fumar en forma de cigarrillo mezclado con tabaco.

Aceite: se trata de la substancia que concentrada mayor cantidad de principios activos. Su consumo no es muy grande y se fuma en pipa.

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